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Some observations on the trace element concentrations in human dental enamel
1School of Engineering and Applied Science, Cranfield University, RMCS, Wiltshire, UK.
Biological Trace Element Research
|December 24, 1997
Summary
Trace element analysis of human dental enamel reveals differences in iron and copper concentrations between sexes, potentially linked to menstruation. Age-related changes in elements like lead suggest substitution within tooth structure.
Area of Science:
- Dental research
- Trace element analysis
- Human physiology
Background:
- Dental enamel composition can reflect systemic health and environmental exposures.
- Trace elements in teeth provide insights into biological processes and potential health impacts.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify trace element concentrations in human dental enamel.
- To investigate correlations between elements and factors like sex, age, and geography.
- To explore potential biological explanations for observed elemental variations.
Main Methods:
- Utilized particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) to measure trace elements in 86 human teeth.
- Collected samples from Oxfordshire and Cornwall, UK.
- Performed statistical analysis, stratifying data by sex, age, and location.
Main Results:
- Detected elements include K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Sr, Pb, and Hg.
- Lower Fe and Cu concentrations observed in female donors' teeth, possibly due to menstruation.
- Positive correlation between Ca, Co, Ni, and Zn; negative correlation with age in females, potentially linked to menopause.
- Lead (Pb) showed a positive correlation with age in both sexes, suggesting substitution for Calcium (Ca) in hydroxyapatite.
Conclusions:
- Dental enamel trace element profiles vary significantly with sex and age.
- Menstruation and menopause may influence elemental composition in female dental enamel.
- Lead accumulation in enamel is age-dependent and may involve substitution with calcium.