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Related Experiment Videos

Peroxynitrite rapidly permeates phospholipid membranes

S S Marla1, J Lee, J T Groves

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|February 7, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Peroxynitrite (ONOO-) readily crosses cell membranes, acting as a potent biological effector. Its high membrane permeability, comparable to water, enhances its biological impact alongside its reactivity.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Oxidative Stress Research

Background:

  • Peroxynitrite (ONOO-) is a reactive oxygen species implicated in various pathophysiological conditions.
  • The biological impact of ONOO- depends on its accessibility to cellular targets before decomposition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the membrane permeability of peroxynitrite (ONOO-).
  • To determine if ONOO- can freely cross phospholipid bilayers.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized model phospholipid vesicular systems.
  • Employed manganese porphyrins as reporter molecules to track ONOO-.
  • Calculated the permeability coefficient of ONOO- across membranes.

Main Results:

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  • Demonstrated that peroxynitrite (ONOO-) freely crosses phospholipid membranes.
  • Calculated a permeability coefficient of approximately 8.0 x 10(-4) cm/s for ONOO-.
  • ONOO- permeability is comparable to water and significantly higher than superoxide.

    • Conclusions:

    • Peroxynitrite (ONOO-) exhibits high membrane diffusibility.
    • The combination of reactivity and high permeability makes ONOO- a significant biological effector molecule.