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[Cowper's gland: anatomic, physiological and pathological aspects]

P Pedron1, O Traxer, F Haab

  • 1Service d'Urologie, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France.

Progres En Urologie : Journal De L'Association Francaise D'Urologie Et De La Societe Francaise D'Urologie
|December 31, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Cowper's glands, part of the male genitourinary tract, play roles in immunity and fertility. Recognizing their imaging appearance on IVU is crucial for diagnosing conditions like syringocele.

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Radiology
  • Male Reproductive System Anatomy

Background:

  • Cowper's glands are male genital tract appendages.
  • They contribute to genitourinary immune defense and fertility.
  • These glands secrete glycoproteins, including prostate-specific antigen (PSA).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the imaging characteristics of Cowper's glands on intravenous urography (IVU) voiding films.
  • To differentiate Cowper's gland imaging from other urethral abnormalities.
  • To highlight the importance of recognizing Cowper's glands for diagnosing associated pathologies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of intravenous urography (IVU) voiding films.
  • Analysis of imaging features of Cowper's glands.

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  • Comparison with other potential urethral findings (fistula, duplication, artifacts).

    • Main Results:

    • Cowper's glands can appear as duct images parallel to the urethra on IVU.
    • Distinctive features include urethral parallelism, upper limit below the urogenital diaphragm, and specific orifice position.
    • These features help differentiate them from other abnormalities.

    Conclusions:

    • Radiologists and urologists should consider Cowper's glands in IVU interpretations.
    • Recognition is key for diagnosing neoplastic, infectious, stone, and cystic diseases (e.g., syringocele).
    • Awareness aids in appropriate patient management for unusual genitourinary symptoms.