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[Risk factors for coronary heart disease in 1002 patients with hyperlipidemia]
L Kłosiewicz-Latoszek1, L Pachocka, K Górska
1Instytutu Zywności i Zywienia, Warszawa.
Insights
Most hyperlipidemic patients (over 83%) have multiple coexisting coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors. These combined factors significantly elevate CHD risk, necessitating aggressive management strategies for hyperlipidemia and associated conditions.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Endocrinology
- Public Health
Background:
- Hyperlipidemia is a primary risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD).
- Understanding the coexistence of multiple risk factors in hyperlipidemic patients is crucial for effective CHD prevention.
- Prevalence of various cardiovascular risk factors in a hyperlipidemic outpatient population requires investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To estimate the prevalence and coexistence of major risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD) in patients with hyperlipidemia.
- To identify specific risk factor profiles associated with a history of myocardial infarction (MI) in this cohort.
- To emphasize the need for intensive management of multiple risk factors in hyperlipidemic individuals.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study of 1002 hyperlipidemic patients (601 women, 401 men) over 12 months.
- Data collection included lipid profiles, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, diabetes status, smoking history, and family history of cardiovascular disease.
- Analysis of prevalence for hypercholesterolemia, mixed hyperlipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, overweight/obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, familial hyperlipidemia, low HDL cholesterol, and elevated Lp(a).
Main Results:
- Hypercholesterolemia (66%) and mixed hyperlipidemia (31.8%) were the most common lipid disorders.
- High prevalence of overweight/obesity (66%), hypertension (37.5%), and diabetes mellitus (11.2%) was observed.
- Over 83% of patients exhibited multiple coexisting CHD risk factors; those with prior MI showed higher apo B, Lp(a), and lower HDL cholesterol levels.
Conclusions:
- The vast majority of hyperlipidemic patients present with multiple CHD risk factors.
- Coexisting risk factors significantly increase the risk of CHD and myocardial infarction.
- Intensive management strategies targeting multiple risk factors are essential for reducing cardiovascular risk in hyperlipidemic populations.
Abstract:
The aim of this study was to estimate the coexistence of risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD) in hyperlipidemic patients. Studies were performed in 1002 (601 women, 401 men) subjects who referred to our outpatient clinic among 12 months. Hypercholesterolemia was the predominant lipid disorder found in 66% of patients, mixed hyperlipidemia in 31.8%, and hypertriglyceridemia only in 2.2%. Overweight and obesity remain a major health burden among our patients: BMI > or = 25 was observed in 66%. Hypertension was recognized in 37.5% of subjects, and diabetes mellitus in 11.2%, 17% were long-term smokers. Familial aggregation of hyperlipidemia was observed in 15.7% of subjects, and more than 44% had a positive family history of cardiovascular disease. Low HDL cholesterol levels (< 35 mg/dl) were seen frequently in men (24.7%) and rare in women (7%). Lp(a) excess (> or = 30 mg/dl) was observed in 12% of patients. Myocardial infarction (MI) had already 11.7% subjects (7% women, 18.7% men). In these patients CHD risk factors were observed more frequently. The higher apo B and Lp(a) levels and lower HDL cholesterol levels were recognized in the patients who suffered from MI. More than 83% of our hyperlipidemic patients had coexistence CHD risk factors. The multiple coexisting risk factors cause the high risk for CHD and they require intensive correction.
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