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A methodological study of arterial wall function using ultrasound technique

K Jensen-Urstad1, S Rosfors

  • 1Department of Clinical Physiology, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Clinical Physiology (Oxford, England)
|December 31, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Conventional ultrasound can reliably measure arterial wall properties like intima-media thickness (IMT) and endothelial function (flow-mediated dilatation, FMD). These measurements, including arterial stiffness, show good reproducibility in healthy adults.

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Area of Science:

  • Vascular Biology
  • Diagnostic Imaging
  • Cardiovascular Physiology

Background:

  • Assessing arterial wall properties non-invasively is crucial for cardiovascular health monitoring.
  • Conventional ultrasound systems offer potential for reproducible measurements of arterial structure and function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish reference values for key arterial wall properties using standard ultrasound.
  • To evaluate the reproducibility of intima-media thickness (IMT), arterial stiffness, and flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) measurements.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a conventional ultrasound scanner to measure carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and common carotid artery stiffness (M-mode).
  • Assessed brachial artery endothelial function via flow-mediated dilatation (FMD).

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  • Compared ultrasound-derived measurements with external analysis systems for reproducibility.

    • Main Results:

    • Intima-media thickness (IMT) increased with age (P < 0.01) but showed no sex difference; inter-operator variability was 6-9%.
    • Arterial stiffness showed no age or sex correlation; intra-operator variability was <10% for both M-mode and external tracking.
    • Flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) decreased with age (P < 0.01) and was lower in men due to larger brachial artery diameter.

    Conclusions:

    • Conventional ultrasound systems can reliably and reproducibly assess arterial wall properties in healthy middle-aged adults.
    • Established reference values for IMT, arterial stiffness, and FMD provide a basis for future clinical studies.
    • Non-invasive characterization of arterial wall function is feasible with standard ultrasound equipment.