Etiology of sarcoidosis

Since sarcoidosis was first recognized as a distinct clinical entity, investigators have speculated that a transmissible agent may cause sarcoidosis. Recent attempts at directly isolating infectious organisms or indirectly detecting microbial DNA or RNA from sarcoid tissue have led to inconclusive results. Studies on the immunopathogenic origins of sarcoidosis have provided evidence of persistent antigenic stimulation at sites of inflammation that are associated with dysregulated cytokine production. To date, however, the challenge of defining the cause of sarcoidosis remains unmet.