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Updated: Aug 7, 2026

RNAscope for In situ Detection of Transcriptionally Active Human Papillomavirus in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Published on: March 11, 2014
Bovine papillomavirus and cancer
1Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, CRC Beatson Laboratories, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
Abstract:
Bovine papillomavirus (BPV) induces papillomas of cutaneous or mucosal epithelia in cattle. The papillomas are benign tumours and generally regress, but occasionally persist and provide the focus for malignant transformation to squamous cell carcinoma, particularly in the presence of environmental cofactors. This has been experimentally demonstrated for BPV-2 and cancer of the urinary bladder, and BPV-4 and cancer of the upper alimentary canal in cattle feeding on bracken fern. In this review, several aspects of the biology of the virus are described including viral genome structure, regulation of transcription of the viral oncogenes, function of the viral oncoproteins, cooperation between virus and chemical cofactors in carcinogenesis, virus latency and prophylactic and therapeutic vaccination programmes.
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