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Foreign body in the tracheobronchial tree

A J Cataneo1, S M Reibscheid, R L Ruiz Júnior

  • 1Department of Surgery, São Paulo State University, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Brazil.

Clinical Pediatrics
|January 7, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Foreign body aspiration, common in children, presents with choking and atelectasis. Longstanding foreign bodies can lead to irreversible complications like bronchiectasis, highlighting diagnostic challenges.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Thoracic Surgery
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Foreign body aspiration is a significant cause of respiratory distress, particularly in pediatric populations.
  • Delayed diagnosis and management of airway foreign bodies can lead to severe, long-term complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review a 20-year experience with foreign body aspiration treatment.
  • To elucidate clinical manifestations, radiological findings, and complications associated with bronchial foreign bodies.
  • To emphasize the impact of prolonged foreign body retention in the airway.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 74 patients treated for foreign body aspiration over two decades.
  • Analysis of clinical presentations, imaging results, foreign body characteristics, and patient outcomes.

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  • Categorization of foreign bodies and associated complications.

    • Main Results:

    • Peanuts, corn, and beans were the most common aspirated foreign bodies.
    • Choking was the most frequent symptom (67.5%), and atelectasis the most common radiological finding (41.8%).
    • Six patients developed bronchiectasis requiring resection due to foreign bodies retained for years.

    Conclusions:

    • Many cases of tracheobronchial foreign bodies are initially undiagnosed.
    • Longstanding foreign bodies in the airway can result in irreversible complications, underscoring the need for timely diagnosis and intervention.