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Newborn hearing screening: the great omission

A L Mehl¹, V Thomson

¹Colorado Newborn Hearing Screening Project, Boulder, Colorado, USA.

|January 7, 1998

Summary

Universal newborn hearing screening is feasible and effective, detecting at least 1 in 500 infants with congenital hearing loss. Early intervention through hearing aids significantly improves outcomes and is cost-effective long-term.

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Area of Science:

Neonatal screening
Audiology
Public health

Background:

Technological advancements enable universal newborn hearing screening.
Selective screening misses half of infants with congenital hearing loss.
Existing recommendations lack comprehensive supporting data.

Purpose of the Study:

Assess feasibility, accuracy, and cost-effectiveness of universal newborn hearing screening.
Provide data to support universal screening recommendations.
Evaluate the impact of early intervention.

Main Methods:

Hospitals in Colorado with >100 births/year participated (1992-1996).
Screening utilized automated auditory brainstem response or otoacoustic emissions.
Follow-up testing was conducted for infants who failed initial screening.

Main Results:

Screened 41,796 infants; identified 94 with sensorineural and 32 with conductive hearing loss.
Frequency of bilateral congenital hearing loss is at least 1 in 500 newborns.
Screening costs are comparable to other congenital disease screenings, with long-term savings.

Conclusions:

Universal newborn hearing screening is feasible, beneficial, and justified.
High incidence of hearing loss warrants screening, comparable to blood-tested conditions.
Early amplification improves outcomes and reduces future intervention costs.

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