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Correlation coefficients for electrocardiographic and constitutional variables

K Ishikawa

    American Heart Journal
    |August 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Body size and sex significantly influence electrocardiogram (ECG) readings in healthy individuals. Factors like height and weight are key determinants, necessitating personalized ECG criteria for accurate interpretation.

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Physiology
    • Biometrics

    Background:

    • The electrocardiogram (ECG) is a critical diagnostic tool in cardiology.
    • Standard ECG interpretation assumes uniformity across individuals, potentially overlooking variations due to noncardiac factors.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of constitutional variables, sex, and age on orthogonal electrocardiogram (ECG) and vectorcardiogram parameters in a healthy Japanese population.
    • To identify key noncardiac determinants influencing ECG measurements.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of ECG and vectorcardiogram data from 300 normal Japanese subjects.
    • Correlation of cardiac measurements with constitutional variables: height (HT), weight (WT), deviation from ideal body weight (DIW), chest transverse diameter (TD), chest sagittal diameter (SD), SD/TD ratio, and chest circumference (CC).

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  • Assessment of the influence of sex and age on ECG parameters.

    • Main Results:

    • Body height (HT) emerged as the most significant determinant of ECG parameters, followed by body weight (WT) and chest transverse diameter (TD).
    • Increased HT and WT augmented QRS and ST-T parameters; increased TD led to longer QRS duration and anterior/superior maximal T vector shifts.
    • Advancing age reduced the magnitude of many QRS and ST-T measurements, while males generally exhibited larger parameters than females.

    Conclusions:

    • Constitutional variables, particularly body dimensions, significantly influence normal ECG and vectorcardiogram findings.
    • Sex and age are also crucial determinants affecting ECG measurements.
    • Normal ECG criteria should be individualized based on these identified ECG determinants for improved diagnostic accuracy.