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Compromises produced by the dialectic between self-verification and self-enhancement

B Morling1, S Epstein

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst 01003, USA.

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
|January 7, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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People balance self-enhancement and self-verification when receiving feedback, a key finding in cognitive-experiential self-theory. This research clarifies how these two motives interact and influence our responses to evaluations.

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Social Psychology
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Individuals often seek to maintain a positive self-view (self-enhancement).
  • Simultaneously, people desire confirmation of their existing self-beliefs (self-verification).
  • The interplay between these two fundamental self-motives is complex and not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dialectic between self-enhancement and self-verification motives.
  • To test hypotheses derived from cognitive-experiential self-theory regarding these motives.
  • To examine how different processing modes influence these self-motives.

Main Methods:

  • Three studies were conducted involving people's reactions to evaluative feedback.
  • Procedural improvements included calibrating feedback against self-appraisals.

Related Experiment Videos

  • The degree of enhancement and verification was varied along a continuum.

    • Main Results:

    • The results demonstrated a compromise between self-enhancement and self-verification motives.
    • Processing feedback in an intuitive-experiential mode favored enhancement.
    • Processing feedback in an analytical-rational mode favored verification.

    Conclusions:

    • The findings support cognitive-experiential self-theory's predictions about the balance of self-motives.
    • Methodological advancements facilitated a clearer understanding of the enhancement-verification dialectic.
    • Cognitive processing modes significantly influence whether self-enhancement or self-verification is prioritized.