Are monotherapy options reasonable for T3 prostate cancer?

In 1997, we believe that either surgery, radiation, or hormonal monotherapy are unlikely to be adequate therapy alone for clinical stage T3 prostate cancer and that primary treatment strategies should use combination therapy. Combination therapies have been investigated in an effort to lessen the impact of monotherapy failure, and combination therapy trials have been shown to diminish the incidence of local failure and increase the time to progression. To gauge the role that irradiation or surgical monotherapy may play in clinical stage T3 disease, this article analyzes series that report local and distant disease control.