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Basicranial flexion, facial reduction and temporomandibular joint dysfunction

J A Kieser1

  • 1Department of Oral Biology and Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.

Medical Hypotheses
|January 9, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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This study proposes that temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction stems from anatomical changes in the human skull base during evolution. Deeper glenoid fossae, resulting from increased brain size, may predispose individuals to TMJ issues.

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Anatomy
  • Craniofacial development

Background:

  • Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction is a prevalent condition with unclear etiology.
  • Previous research has struggled to explain, predict, or prevent TMJ dysfunction.
  • Understanding the anatomical basis of TMJ dysfunction is crucial for developing effective interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel hypothesis for the anatomical predisposition to temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction.
  • To investigate the role of phylogenetic changes in the hominid basicranium in TMJ dysfunction.
  • To explore the relationship between cranial base morphology and TMJ stability.

Main Methods:

  • Hypothetical model development based on evolutionary and anatomical principles.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Comparative analysis of hominid cranial morphology.
  • Review of existing literature on TMJ dysfunction and craniofacial evolution.

    • Main Results:

    • A hypothesis is presented linking TMJ dysfunction to specific evolutionary changes in the hominid skull base.
    • The deepening of the glenoid fossa is identified as a key anatomical feature potentially predisposing to TMJ dysfunction.
    • Increased brain size and a more ventral facial orientation are implicated as driving forces behind these cranial changes.

    Conclusions:

    • Phylogenetic flexing of the hominid basicranium may predispose individuals to temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction.
    • The glenoid fossa's morphology, influenced by evolutionary pressures, is a critical factor in TMJ stability.
    • This hypothesis offers a new framework for understanding and potentially preventing TMJ dysfunction.