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Related Experiment Videos

Peripheral nerve injuries in the athlete

J H Feinberg1, S F Nadler, L S Krivickas

  • 1Kessler Institute for Rehabilitation, West Orange, New Jersey, USA.

Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)
|January 9, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Peripheral nerve injuries in athletes, often caused by compression or traction, require early detection for effective rehabilitation. Understanding sport-specific injury patterns and utilizing electrodiagnostic exams are crucial for diagnosis and prognosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Neurology
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Athletes are prone to peripheral nerve injuries due to high physiological demands on neurological and soft tissues.
  • Common injury mechanisms include compression, traction, ischemia, and laceration, with upper extremities being more affected.
  • Seddon's classification (neuropraxia, axonal degeneration, nerve transection) remains a key framework for understanding nerve damage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the susceptibility of peripheral nerves in athletes to various injury mechanisms.
  • To emphasize the importance of early detection and diagnosis of nerve injuries to prevent permanent damage.
  • To discuss the role of electrodiagnostic examinations in assessing the severity and predicting the outcome of nerve injuries.

Main Methods:

  • Review of common peripheral nerve injury mechanisms and classification systems in sports.
  • Discussion of sport-specific injury patterns and anatomical sites.
  • Explanation of the utility and timing of electrodiagnostic tests (EMG) in diagnosing nerve injuries.

Main Results:

  • Peripheral nerve injuries are common in athletes, particularly in the upper extremities, and are often sport-specific with biomechanical origins.
  • Early recognition is vital, as subclinical injuries can lead to permanent damage if not addressed.
  • Electrodiagnostic exams, including nerve conduction studies and needle electrode exams, aid in determining injury site, degree, and prognosis.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding peripheral neuroanatomy and sport-specific injury types is essential for recognizing nerve injuries in athletes.
  • Prompt electrodiagnostic evaluation by a trained neurologist or physiatrist is crucial for accurate diagnosis and outcome prediction.
  • While many injuries like burner syndrome are self-limiting, some, like those affecting the axillary or sciatic nerves, can result in permanent deficits, necessitating timely intervention.

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