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Related Concept Videos

Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias01:28

Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias

Arrhythmias are irregular heart rhythms occurring when the heart's electrical impulses become abnormal. These disturbances can lead to various symptoms, depending on their severity and the underlying cause. Some common factors contributing to arrhythmias include hypoxia, ischemia, electrolyte imbalances, excessive catecholamine exposure, drug toxicity, and muscle overstretching. Arrhythmias can be classified into two main types based on the rate and site of origin of abnormal heart rhythms.
Disturbances in Heart Rhythm01:29

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow heart...
Dysrhythmias I: Introduction01:15

Dysrhythmias I: Introduction

Dysrhythmias refers to abnormalities in the heart's rhythm. They result from disruptions in the heart's electrical conduction system, which includes the sinoatrial(SA)node, atrioventricular(AV) node, the bundle of His, bundle branches, and Purkinje fibers.Definition and PathophysiologyDysrhythmias result from disorders of impulse formation, impulse conduction, or both. The heart contains specialized cells in the sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, and the bundle of His and Purkinje fibers...
Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias01:18

Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias

Bradyarrhythmias are cardiac rhythm disorders characterized by a slower-than-normal heart rate, typically defined as fewer than 60 beats per minute. Some of which are discussed here:Sinus BradycardiaSinus bradycardia presents a heart rate lower than 60 beats per minute, with a regular rhythm originating from the SA node. The ECG typically shows normal P waves preceding each QRS complex, a normal PR interval (0.12 to 0.20 seconds), and a normal QRS duration (0.06 to 0.10 seconds).First-Degree AV...
ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias01:25

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...
Chronic Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology01:21

Chronic Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology

Chronic pancreatitis is a progressive and irreversible inflammation of the pancreas, most often caused by long-term alcohol abuse, but it can also be related to ductal obstruction, smoking, or genetic factors.Chronic pancreatitis occurs when the pancreas is repeatedly exposed to harmful agents like alcohol, smoking, ductal obstruction, or genetic predisposition. These factors lead to the release of toxic metabolites and inflammatory cytokines, sustaining chronic inflammation in the pancreatic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Disruption of Frontal Lobe Neural Synchrony During Cognitive Control by Alcohol Intoxication
09:26

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Published on: February 6, 2019

Cardiac conduction abnormalities produced by chronic alcoholism

P O Ettinger, M Lyons, H A Oldewurtel

    American Heart Journal
    |January 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary

    Long-term alcohol consumption in dogs, even with adequate nutrition, caused significant intraventricular conduction delays and QRS widening. These cardiac changes correlated with the duration of ethanol intake, suggesting a cumulative toxic effect.

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    Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Vapor Exposure Paired with Two-Bottle Choice to Model Alcohol Use Disorder
    05:12

    Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Vapor Exposure Paired with Two-Bottle Choice to Model Alcohol Use Disorder

    Published on: June 23, 2023

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Toxicology
    • Animal Models

    Background:

    • Alcoholic cardiomyopathy is frequently associated with conduction disturbances and arrhythmias.
    • The direct link between ethyl alcohol and these cardiac changes remains unclear.
    • Understanding ethanol's long-term effects on cardiac conduction is crucial.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the long-term effects of ethanol on cardiac conduction in a canine model.
    • To determine if prolonged ethanol intake leads to demonstrable changes in intraventricular conduction.
    • To explore the morphologic correlates of ethanol-induced cardiac conduction abnormalities.

    Main Methods:

    • Alcoholism was induced in 11 male mongrel dogs for 7 to 33 months.
    • Animals received up to 36% of daily calories as ethanol, maintaining adequate nutrition.
    • His and left bundle branch electrograms, along with high-speed ECGs, were recorded.

    Main Results:

    • Prolonged H-Q time (35 +/- 3 msec vs. normal 26 +/- 1 msec) and QRS widening (80 +/- 4 msec vs. normal 62 +/- 2 msec) were observed after one year of ethanol intake.
    • These conduction abnormalities correlated with the duration of ethanol consumption.
    • Morphologic changes included interstitial material accumulation and intercalated disc alterations in ventricular muscle and Purkinje fibers.

    Conclusions:

    • Prolonged ethanol intake, independent of malnutrition, causes significant intraventricular conduction abnormalities.
    • The observed cardiac changes are consistent with a cumulative toxic effect of ethanol.
    • Morphologic alterations in intercalated discs and interstitial material support the mechanism of ethanol toxicity on cardiac conduction.