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Published on: April 12, 2019
Ethchlorvynol (Placidyl)-induced pulmonary edema
Annals of Internal Medicine
|January 1, 1976
Summary
Severe pulmonary edema occurred in two patients after intravenous ethchlorvynol (Placidyl) injection. Animal studies confirmed this acute, nonhemodynamic pulmonary edema, indicating a direct toxic effect of ethchlorvynol.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Toxicology
- Pulmonary Medicine
Background:
- Ethchlorvynol (Placidyl) is a sedative-hypnotic medication.
- Intravenous administration routes can present unique toxicological challenges.
Observation:
- Two patients developed severe nonhemodynamic pulmonary edema after intravenous ethchlorvynol (Placidyl).
- The observed pulmonary edema resolved quickly in both human cases.
- Animal models (dogs) injected intravenously with ethchlorvynol exhibited acute, severe nonhemodynamic pulmonary edema.
Findings:
- Intravenous ethchlorvynol administration in dogs resulted in significantly increased lung weights and intra-alveolar edema.
- Associated physiological changes in dogs included hypotension with relative bradycardia and reduced cardiac output.
- The vehicle (polyethylene glycol) alone did not induce similar adverse effects, suggesting ethchlorvynol is the causative agent.
Implications:
- These findings suggest a direct toxic pulmonary effect of ethchlorvynol when administered intravenously.
- Caution is warranted regarding the intravenous use of ethchlorvynol due to its potential for severe pulmonary complications.
- Further research into the mechanisms of ethchlorvynol-induced pulmonary edema may be beneficial.
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