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Updated: Aug 5, 2026

A TIRF Microscopy Technique for Real-time, Simultaneous Imaging of the TCR and its Associated Signaling Proteins
Published on: March 22, 2012
The complexity of the B7-CD28/CTLA-4 costimulatory pathway
1Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Abstract:
There have been significant recent advances in our understanding of the role of the B7-CD28/CTLA-4 costimulatory pathway in T-cell activation and self-tolerance. Recent studies have begun to clarify how signaling through this pathway can influence cytokine production. The critical role for CTLA-4 in regulating T-cell activation and autoreactivity has been demonstrated, revealing a previously unsuspected means by which costimulation is involved in the maintenance and breakdown of self-tolerance. In vivo studies indicate the therapeutic potential of manipulating this important, but complex, immunoregulatory pathway.
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