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Complement activating agents in allergenic extracts

L Berrens1, B de la Cuadra López

  • 1Research Laboratories C.B.F. Leti, Madrid, Spain.

Inflammation Research : Official Journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [Et Al.]
|January 14, 1998
PubMed
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Allergenic extracts activate human complement (huC) via antibody-independent pathways, primarily due to degradation products like melanoidins, not IgE-binding allergens. This finding clarifies complement activation in allergy research.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Allergy Research
  • Complement System

Background:

  • Environmental allergens, molds, and pollens activate human complement (huC) in vitro.
  • This activation occurs independently of antibodies, engaging the C1 component of the classical pathway.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize the agents responsible for complement activation in allergenic extracts.
  • To investigate the relationship between these agents and IgE-binding allergens.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated complement consumption in sera from allergic patients and normal controls using various allergenic products (>10 kDa).
  • Employed UV-spectroscopy to analyze non-protein components within the extracts.

Main Results:

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  • Confirmed antibody-independent huC consumption, with consistent potency ratios across different sera.
  • No direct correlation was found between complement activation and specific IgE antibodies.
  • UV-spectroscopy indicated that chemical decomposition products (melanoidins/tannins) correlated with complement-activating potencies.

Conclusions:

  • HuC activation by allergenic extracts is mainly attributed to bystander degradation products (melanoidins/tannins).
  • These products may be physically associated with IgE-binding allergens but are the primary drivers of complement activation.