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Related Experiment Videos

Brain morphology in children with specific language impairment

L M Gauger1, L J Lombardino, C M Leonard

  • 1Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, USA.

Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research : JSLHR
|February 12, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Children with specific language impairment (SLI) show smaller left pars triangularis (Broca's area) and altered brain asymmetry. These brain morphology differences correlate with depressed language abilities in SLI.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Linguistics

Background:

  • Normal brain asymmetry shows larger left planum temporale and pars triangularis.
  • Previous studies on developmental language disorders focused on adults with dyslexia, reporting reversed or symmetric asymmetry.
  • Pars triangularis has not been previously studied in children with specific language impairment (SLI).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantitatively compare the planum temporale (Wernicke's area) and pars triangularis (Broca's area) in children with SLI versus typically developing children.
  • To investigate the relationship between brain morphology in these language areas and language ability in children.

Main Methods:

  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for high-resolution volumetric scans.
  • Neurolinguistic testing battery.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Comparison of 11 children with SLI and 19 age/sex-matched controls (5.6–13.0 years old).

    • Main Results:

    • Pars triangularis was significantly smaller in the left hemisphere of children with SLI.
    • Children with SLI exhibited a higher likelihood of rightward asymmetry in language structures.
    • Anomalous morphology in the planum temporale and pars triangularis correlated with poorer language abilities.

    Conclusions:

    • Specific language impairment in children is associated with distinct brain morphology differences in key language areas.
    • These findings support a neurobiological basis for language impairment, linked to structural anomalies in the brain's language networks.