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Related Experiment Videos

Rapid dextran infusion in essential hypertension

M E Safar, G M London, J A Levenson

    Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)
    |November 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Hypertensive patients show a steeper increase in cardiac output with fluid volume expansion compared to controls. This is due to reduced vascular compliance in hypertension, impacting hemodynamic responses.

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiovascular Physiology
    • Hypertension Research

    Background:

    • Sustained essential hypertension is a significant cardiovascular risk factor.
    • Understanding hemodynamic responses to volume expansion is crucial for managing hypertensive patients.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate hemodynamic parameter changes after rapid dextran infusion in hypertensive and normotensive men.
    • To compare the volume expansion response between patients with sustained essential hypertension and healthy controls.

    Main Methods:

    • Studied 34 men (17 hypertensive, 17 normotensive controls) before and after rapid dextran infusion.
    • Measured central venous pressure (CVP), cardiac output (CO), and stroke volume.
    • Calculated indices of volume expansion, including ratios of changes in CO, CVP, and volume.

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    Main Results:

    • Dextran infusion significantly increased CVP, CO, and stroke volume in both groups (p < 0.001).
    • Hypertensives exhibited a significantly greater percent change in stroke volume (p < 0.001) and a higher CO/volume change ratio (p < 0.025).
    • Hypertensives showed a significantly reduced volume/CVP change ratio (p < 0.001), negatively correlated with CO/stroke volume changes (r = -0.75).

    Conclusions:

    • The relationship between cardiac output and blood volume is steeper in hypertensive individuals.
    • This steeper slope is attributed to reduced effective vascular compliance in hypertension, leading to greater CO elevation per unit volume increase.