Endovascular methods for caval interruption

Current methods for vena caval interruption have developed in parallel with advances in endovascular techniques. Six filters are currently approved by the FDA for marketing: three Greenfield filters, the Venatech, Simon Nitinol, and Bird's Nest filter. These are compared with respect to design and function. In addition, the utility and limitations of temporary filters are addressed. The use of endovascular techniques to correct misplacement of a filter, to free entangled guidewires, or to adjust filter limb distribution is described.