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Detection of human T lymphotropic virus type I proviral DNA in patients with diffuse panbronchiolitis
T Matsuse1, Y Fukuchi, C Y Hsu
1Department of Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan.
Abstract:
In Japan a number of reported cases of diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB) have been associated with human T lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) infection. In this study the hypothesis that HTLV-I proviral DNA may be prevalent in DPB was examined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the region of env or the two-step PCR for the pX region of this virus. The presence of HTLV-I proviral DNA was studied in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) obtained from 10 patients with DPB. The presence of proviral DNA in PBMC in 12 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), eight patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP), four patients disease were also studied as relevant controls. The lung tissue obtained from 11 patients with DPB, 12 patients with diffuse aspiration bronchiolitis (DAB) at autopsy, and the surgical lung samples obtained from 12 patients with bronchogenic cancer were also studied. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from one DPB patient and one bronchogenic carcinoma patient were positive for the HTLV-I pX region. The presence of the pX region was also found in the lung tissue of three DPB patients (27.3%) and one DAB patient (8.3%). None of other subjects were positive for HTLV-I proviral DNA, In conclusion, HTLV-I is not the causative virus in the pathogenesis of COPD, IIP, bronchiectasis and bronchogenic carcinoma. There is a likelihood that HTLV-I infection is associated with some cases of DPB; however this association needs further verification.
Insights
Human T lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) infection may be linked to some diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB) cases. Further research is needed to confirm if HTLV-I DNA is prevalent in DPB patients.
Area of Science:
- Medical Research
- Virology
- Pulmonology
Background:
- Diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB) cases in Japan have been linked to Human T lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) infection.
- The potential role of HTLV-I in DPB pathogenesis requires investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prevalence of HTLV-I proviral DNA in patients with DPB.
- To determine if HTLV-I is associated with the development of DPB.
Main Methods:
- Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect HTLV-I proviral DNA.
- Samples analyzed included peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and lung tissue from DPB patients and control groups.
- Control groups included patients with COPD, IIP, and bronchogenic cancer.
Main Results:
- HTLV-I pX region DNA was detected in PBMC of one DPB patient and one bronchogenic carcinoma patient.
- The pX region was found in lung tissue of 27.3% of DPB patients and 8.3% of diffuse aspiration bronchiolitis (DAB) patients.
- No HTLV-I DNA was detected in other control subjects.
Conclusions:
- HTLV-I is unlikely to be the causative agent for COPD, IIP, bronchiectasis, or bronchogenic carcinoma.
- A potential association between HTLV-I infection and some cases of DPB exists, warranting further investigation.