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Related Experiment Videos

Hyperactivation of the folded gastrulation pathway induces specific cell shape changes

P Morize1, A E Christiansen, M Costa

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA.

Development (Cambridge, England)
|April 4, 1998
PubMed
Summary

The folded gastrulation (fog) protein and concertina (cta) G-protein pathway regulate cell shape changes during Drosophila gastrulation. This study confirms cta acts downstream of fog, revealing a fog-independent pathway involving snail.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Ventral furrow formation in Drosophila is crucial for gastrulation, involving apical constriction of mesodermal precursors.
  • Mutations in folded gastrulation (fog) and concertina (cta) disrupt the timing and synchrony of these cell shape changes.
  • A model proposes fog signaling induces apical constriction via the cta G-protein.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally validate the proposed fog signaling pathway.
  • To investigate the downstream function of the cta G-protein in gastrulation.
  • To identify other genetic pathways involved in mesodermal cell behaviors.

Main Methods:

  • Ectopic expression of fog using an inducible promoter in Drosophila.
  • Constitutive activation of cta protein via mutant alleles and cholera toxin.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Epistasis experiments analyzing fog and cta interactions with snail and twist.

    • Main Results:

    • Ectopic expression or activation of the fog/cta pathway induced abnormal cell shape changes.
    • Uniform fog expression rescued fog null mutant defects but not cta mutant defects, supporting cta acting downstream of fog.
    • Uniform fog expression did not rescue cta mutant embryos, indicating cta functions downstream of fog.
    • A fog-independent pathway, requiring snail but not twist, was identified for mesodermal invagination.

    Conclusions:

    • The concertina (cta) G-protein acts downstream of the folded gastrulation (fog) signaling pathway.
    • A separate, fog-independent pathway involving snail regulates mesodermal cell behaviors and invagination.
    • These findings elucidate key molecular mechanisms governing Drosophila gastrulation and cell morphogenesis.