Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Search research articles

Related Experiment Videos

Quantifying gluconeogenesis during fasting

V Chandramouli¹, K Ekberg, W C Schumann

¹Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-4951, USA.

The American Journal of Physiology

|January 22, 1998

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

C-peptide and the pathophysiology of microvascular complications of diabetes.

Journal of internal medicine·2016

Same author

Efficacy of a long-acting C-peptide analogue against peripheral neuropathy in streptozotocin-diabetic mice.

Diabetes, obesity & metabolism·2015

Same author

Enhanced insulin action following subcutaneous co-administration of insulin and C-peptide in rats.

Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews·2013

Same author

Brain substrate utilization during prolonged exercise.

Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation·2011

Same author

Effects of pioglitazone and metformin on NEFA-induced insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes.

Diabetologia·2008

Same author

Contribution of gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis to hepatic glucose production in acromegaly before and after pituitary microsurgery.

Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme·2008

Same journal

Blood coagulation in fish.

The American journal of physiology·2011

Same journal

Renal tubular reabsorption, metabolic utilization and isomeric fractionation of lactic acid in the dog.

The American journal of physiology·2010

Same journal

The inactivation of placental toxin by human serum.

The American journal of physiology·2010

Same journal

Adrenal function following ovariectomy in the rat.

The American journal of physiology·2010

Same journal

Capillary permeability; perfusion of frog and guinea pig hind limbs.

The American journal of physiology·2010

Same journal

Evaluation of protective measures against sunburn.

The American journal of physiology·2010

See all related articles

This study shows that deuterium oxide (2H2O) can effectively measure the percentage of glucose production from gluconeogenesis (%GNG) during fasting. %GNG significantly increases over 42 hours of fasting, while the rate of glucose production remains stable.

Area of Science:

Metabolic Physiology
Biochemistry
Endocrinology

Background:

Gluconeogenesis is a vital metabolic pathway for maintaining glucose homeostasis, especially during fasting.
Accurate quantification of gluconeogenesis' contribution to glucose production (%GNG) is crucial for understanding metabolic adaptation.
Previous methods for assessing %GNG have limitations in precision and ease of application.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the utility of deuterium oxide (2H2O) for estimating %GNG during progressive fasting in healthy subjects.
To determine the time course of %GNG changes throughout a 42-hour fast.
To compare 2H2O-based %GNG measurements with estimates derived from [6,6-2H2]glucose infusion.

Main Methods:

Healthy subjects ingested 2H2O to achieve specific body water enrichments.

Related Experiment Videos

%GNG was calculated using the ratio of deuterium enrichments at C-5 and C-2 of blood glucose, analyzed via hexamethylenetetramine.

A subset of subjects received a [6,6-2H2]glucose infusion to measure glucose production rates.

Main Results:

%GNG increased progressively from 40% at 10 hours to 93% at 42 hours of fasting.
Measurements using 2H2O and [6,6-2H2]glucose infusion yielded consistent results for gluconeogenic glucose production (0.99 mg.kg-1.min-1) at 14 and 22 hours.
Steady-state enrichment in plasma water and blood glucose was achieved within 1-2 hours post-ingestion of 2H2O.

Conclusions:

2H2O is a reliable and effective tracer for quantifying %GNG during fasting.
%GNG increases significantly with prolonged fasting, indicating a shift towards hepatic glucose production.
The rate of glucose production from gluconeogenesis remains relatively constant during the early to mid-fasting periods studied.