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Related Experiment Videos

How do plasma membranes reach the circulation?

V O Van Hoof1, J T Deng, M E De Broe

  • 1Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium. viviane.van.hoof@uza.uia.ac.be

Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry
|January 22, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Diagnostic enzymology analyzes cell membrane enzymes in serum. Liver plasma membrane fragments (LiPMF) release enzymes like alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in liver diseases, offering insights into disease mechanisms.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Clinical Chemistry
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Diagnostic enzymology quantifies serum/plasma enzymes originating from cells or cell membranes.
  • Enzyme release mechanisms vary with physiological and pathological conditions.
  • Hepatocyte plasma membrane shedding releases liver plasma membrane fragments (LiPMF) in liver diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the release mechanisms of membrane-bound enzymes, particularly alkaline phosphatase (ALP), from liver plasma membrane fragments (LiPMF) into circulation.
  • To explore the homology between LiPMF and membrane fragments from other tissues.
  • To propose models for the release of different ALP isoforms.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of membrane-bound enzymes (gamma-GT, ALP, LAP, 5'-Nu) on LiPMF.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Comparison of LiPMF with membrane fragments from bone, placenta, and duodenum.
  • Characterization of soluble (Sol-ALP) and membrane-bound (Mem-ALP) ALP isoforms in serum.
  • Investigation of the role of GPI-phospholipase-D (GPI-PLD) and bile salts in enzyme release.

    • Main Results:

    • Several membrane-bound enzymes are expressed on LiPMF.
    • LiPMF show homology with membrane fragments from other cell types.
    • Membrane-bound ALP is rarely found in serum, with soluble forms predominating.
    • Hydrophobic isoforms of ALP, anchored by GPI, are also present.
    • Models involving GPI-PLD and bile salts are proposed for ALP release.

    Conclusions:

    • LiPMF contribute to circulating enzyme levels in liver diseases.
    • ALP exists in various forms in serum, including soluble and membrane-bound.
    • GPI-PLD and bile salts are implicated in the release of membrane-bound ALP isoforms.