Platanus pollen as an important cause of pollinosis

The existence of Platanus pollinosis is not generally accepted despite the production of very large quantities of airborne Platanus pollen in many cities of the United States and Europe. The aim of this study was to investigate if Platanus pollen really contributes to the symptoms of the patients with pollinosis in the Madrid area.

We carried out systematic skin prick testing with Platanus pollen extract on 47 patients seen in our allergy center with spring-summer pollinosis symptoms. Each patient maintained symptom score diaries before, during, and after the Platanus pollination season. The average symptom scores were calculated and compared with the Platanus pollen counts. Measurements of specific IgE by ELISA and immunoblotting also were performed in each patient.

The Platanus skin tests were positive in 33 of the 39 patients first seen with seasonal symptoms during Platanus pollen season and only in three of the eight patients without symptoms during Platanus exposure (Fisher's exact test; p < 0.05). Twenty-two of the 33 Platanus-positive skin test patients also had a positive ELISA result. Furthermore, the average 24-hour rhinitis symptom scores of the 39 patients first seen with seasonal symptoms during March through April showed significant correlation with Platanus pollen counts (r(s) = 0.57, p < 0.05). The immunoblot results suggest that a 17 kd pollen protein could be a major allergen in patients with Platanus pollinosis.

Platanus pollen is an important cause of pollinosis in Madrid. A protein with a molecular weight of 17 kd appeared to be its major allergen.