Epithelialization of permanent stents

The permanent Urolume Wallstent has been used for the relief of bladder outlet obstruction (BOO), detrusor-external sphincter dyssnergia (DESD), and recurrent bulbar urethral strictures. Because of its woven construction, it allows ingrowth of urothelial tissue, resulting in complete epithelialization by 6 to 12 months. Certain risk factors are associated with poor epithelialization that may lead to hyperplastic tissue growth and occlusion of the urethral lumen. We review the literature and discuss the 5-year results of the North American Multicenter Urolume Trial with regard to epithelialization, hyperplastic tissue growth, and treatment of hyperplastic growth.