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External beam radiation therapy for choroidal neovascularization

R F Spaide¹, D R Guyer, B McCormick

¹Vitreous, Retina, Macula Consultants of New York, LuEsther T. Mertz Retina Research Laboratory, New York 10021, USA.

|January 27, 1998

Summary

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External beam radiation therapy was ineffective for treating choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The treatment did not improve visual acuity compared to a control group, suggesting it should not be used for this condition.

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Radiation Oncology
Medical Research

Background:

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss.
Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is a common complication of AMD.
Effective treatments for CNV secondary to AMD are crucial for preserving vision.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the efficacy of external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) in treating CNV secondary to AMD.
To compare visual acuity outcomes in patients receiving EBRT versus a control group.

Main Methods:

A nonrandomized clinical trial with an historic control group was conducted.
91 patients with subfoveal CNV received EBRT (5 fractions of 200 cGy).
Visual acuity was compared at baseline and after 1 year of follow-up.

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Main Results:

Patients receiving EBRT experienced a mean visual acuity drop from 20/80 to 20/200 after one year.
Control patients had a mean visual acuity drop from 20/80 to 20/125.
A trend towards greater vision loss in the EBRT group did not reach statistical significance (P=0.16).

Conclusions:

EBRT at a dose of 1000 cGy in 5 fractions is not effective for treating CNV secondary to AMD.
The findings suggest that this dose of EBRT should not be used for CNV secondary to AMD.
Further research may be needed to explore alternative radiation protocols or treatments.