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Elevated levels of circulating cell adhesion molecules in uncomplicated essential hypertension
C A DeSouza1, D R Dengel, R F Macko
1Department of Kinesiology, University of Colorado, Boulder 80309, USA. desouzac@stripe.colorado.edu
Insights
Older men with essential hypertension show elevated levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular adhesion molecule-1, increasing atherosclerosis risk. These findings highlight the role of cell adhesion molecules in hypertension-related cardiovascular disease.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Science
- Hypertension Research
- Biomarker Discovery
Background:
- Elevated soluble cell adhesion molecules (sCAMs) are linked to cardiovascular disease development.
- Essential hypertension is a significant risk factor for atherosclerosis.
- Understanding sCAMs in hypertension may reveal new therapeutic targets.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if circulating sCAMs are elevated in older men with uncomplicated essential hypertension.
- To determine the association between sCAMs and hypertension, and atherosclerosis risk factors.
Main Methods:
- Measured circulating levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), vascular adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), and E-selectin.
- Compared levels between 11 hypertensive and 10 normotensive older men without overt cardiovascular disease, diabetes, or dyslipidemia.
- Performed univariate analysis to assess correlations with blood pressure and age.
Main Results:
- Hypertensive subjects had significantly higher levels of sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 compared to normotensive controls.
- No significant difference in sE-selectin levels was observed between the groups.
- sICAM-1 correlated positively with systolic and diastolic blood pressure; sVCAM-1 correlated with age and systolic blood pressure.
Conclusions:
- Circulating sCAMs, specifically sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1, are elevated in older men with essential hypertension.
- These elevated sCAMs may contribute to the increased atherosclerosis risk associated with hypertension in this population.
- The findings support the role of sCAMs as potential biomarkers in uncomplicated essential hypertension.
Abstract:
Elevated levels of circulating soluble cell adhesion molecules are associated with the development of cardiovascular disease. We tested the hypothesis that circulating levels of soluble cell adhesion molecules are elevated in older men with uncomplicated essential hypertension, which may contribute to the increased risk of atherosclerosis in this population. Circulating levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1, vascular adhesion molecule-1, and E-selectin were measured in 11 hypertensive (69+/-1 years) and ten normotensive (65+/-1 years) older men who were free of overt atherosclerotic disease, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. The hypertensive subjects had higher (P < .05) circulating levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (232.4+/-16.5 v 189.8+/-11.1 ng/mL) and vascular adhesion molecule-1 (737.3+/-65.6 v 565.7+/-46.8 ng/mL) compared with their normotensive peers. However, there was no difference in the levels of soluble E-selectin between the hypertensive (51.1+/-3.9 ng/ mL) and normotensive (48.8+/-6.6 ng/mL) subjects. Univariate analysis revealed a positive correlation between soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and both systolic (r = 0.50, P = .02) and diastolic (r = 0.49, P = .03) blood pressure. In addition, soluble vascular adhesion molecule-1 was positively correlated with age (r = 0.60, P = .004) and systolic blood pressure (r = 0.43, P = .05). The results of this study support the hypothesis that circulating levels of soluble cell adhesion molecules are elevated in older men with uncomplicated essential hypertension.