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Malabsorption in systemic lupus erythematosus

R Mader1, M Adawi, S Schonfeld

  • 1Department of Medicine A, Haemek Medical Center, Afula, Israel.

Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology
|January 28, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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This study screened patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) for malabsorption, finding a 9.5% prevalence. Screening for malabsorption is recommended, especially for SLE patients with abdominal symptoms.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Rheumatology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease.
  • Gastrointestinal manifestations can occur in SLE patients.
  • Malabsorption is a potential complication that requires investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of malabsorption in patients with SLE.
  • To evaluate the utility of diagnostic tests for malabsorption in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-one SLE patients and ten controls were enrolled.
  • Malabsorption screening included the D-Xylose test (DXT) and fecal fat examination.
  • Upper GI endoscopy with duodenal biopsy and immunoperoxidase staining were performed.

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Main Results:

  • Two patients (9.5%) exhibited abnormal DXT and excessive fecal fat.
  • One patient showed villous abnormalities and inflammation; two others had isolated fat malabsorption.
  • Small bowel histology and immunoglobulin/light chain distribution were normal in most SLE patients.

Conclusions:

  • The prevalence of malabsorption in SLE patients is significant, particularly when considering isolated fat malabsorption.
  • Screening for malabsorption is advised for SLE patients, especially those with gastrointestinal complaints.
  • The underlying pathogenesis of malabsorption in SLE requires further research.