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Related Experiment Videos

Rate dependent drug effects: possible state dependency

C Ksir

    Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior
    |February 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary

    Drug effects on behavior can be state dependent. Changes in fixed-interval responding after d-amphetamine substitution with saline suggest that rate-dependent effects are linked to the animal's internal state.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Behavioral Pharmacology
    • Animal Behavior

    Background:

    • Fixed-interval schedules are used to study reinforcement learning.
    • D-amphetamine is a stimulant known to affect behavior.
    • State-dependent learning describes phenomena that are only recalled or performed under specific internal states.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate if rate-dependent changes in fixed-interval responding induced by d-amphetamine are state-dependent.
    • To determine if substituting saline for d-amphetamine alters response rates in a predictable manner.

    Main Methods:

    • Six rats were trained on a fixed-interval schedule of reinforcement.
    • Rats received injections of 1 mg/kg d-amphetamine.
    • Presession saline was substituted for d-amphetamine in some trials.

    Main Results:

    • Three out of six rats exhibited significant rate-dependent changes in responding when saline replaced d-amphetamine.
    • Low response rates increased, while high response rates decreased.
    • These changes mirrored effects typically observed upon initial d-amphetamine administration.

    Conclusions:

    • Rate-dependent alterations in fixed-interval responding following d-amphetamine administration appear to be state-dependent phenomena.
    • Behavioral effects of drugs may be contingent on the internal physiological state established by prior drug exposure.

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