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Foamy virus particle formation

N Fischer1, M Heinkelein, D Lindemann

  • 1Institut für Virologie und Immunbiologie, Universität Würzburg, Germany.

Journal of Virology
|January 28, 1998
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Human foamy virus (HFV) particle formation was studied using expression plasmids. The Gag protein is key for forming viral cores, and Env facilitates budding, but reverse transcriptase is not required.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Human foamy virus (HFV) is a retrovirus with unique replication strategies.
  • Understanding HFV particle formation is crucial for comprehending retroviral assembly and pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the roles of HFV structural genes (gag, gag/pol, env) in viral particle formation.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms of capsid assembly and virion budding in HFV.
  • To compare HFV budding mechanisms with other retroviruses.

Main Methods:

  • Construction and transfection of subgenomic expression plasmids for HFV genes.
  • Analysis of viral particle formation using electron microscopy.
  • Radiochemical labeling and protein gel electrophoresis to study protein processing and localization.

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Main Results:

  • Expression of gag-pol constructs led to the formation of homogeneous viral cores (approx. 50 nm) in the cytoplasm.
  • Coexpression of Env resulted in particle budding into cytoplasmic vesicles and from the plasma membrane.
  • The Gag precursor (pr74) alone formed aberrant particles, while the p70gag cleavage product assembled into normal capsids.
  • p70gag and Env coexpression produced budding virions, indicating reverse transcriptase is not essential for capsid/virion formation.
  • Unlike other retroviruses, HFV cores did not spontaneously bud; Env-deprived capsids were retained intracellularly.

Conclusions:

  • The HFV Gag protein, particularly the p70gag form, is essential for proper capsid assembly.
  • The Env protein mediates the budding of HFV particles from cellular membranes.
  • HFV exhibits distinct budding characteristics compared to other retroviruses, with intracellular retention of Env-deficient capsids.