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Dehydroascorbate and ascorbate transport in rat liver microsomal vesicles

G Bánhegyi1, P Marcolongo, F Puskás

  • 1Istituto di Patologia Generale, Università di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy. banhegyi@puskin.sote.hu

The Journal of Biological Chemistry
|February 28, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Rat liver microsomes transport ascorbate and dehydroascorbate via distinct mechanisms. Dehydroascorbate uptake is preferred, mediated by GLUT transporters, and reduced intracellularly, impacting glutathione levels.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Transport

Background:

  • Ascorbate (Vitamin C) is a vital antioxidant.
  • Understanding its transport in liver cells is crucial for metabolic studies.
  • Ascorbate exists in reduced (ascorbate) and oxidized (dehydroascorbate) forms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the transport mechanisms of ascorbate and dehydroascorbate in rat liver.
  • To identify the transporters involved and their kinetic properties.
  • To elucidate the role of these transporters in hepatic redox homeostasis.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized radiolabeled ascorbate and dehydroascorbate.
  • Employed rat liver microsomal vesicles for transport assays.
  • Applied rapid filtration technique for uptake measurements.

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  • Investigated effects of inhibitors, substrate concentrations, and redox agents.

    • Main Results:

    • Ascorbate uptake: low affinity, high capacity, not inhibited by glucose or its inhibitors, sensitive to anion transport inhibitors and N-ethylmaleimide, influenced by iron and reducing agents.
    • Dehydroascorbate uptake: high affinity, low capacity, inhibited/stimulated by glucose (cis/trans), sensitive to glucose transport inhibitors, dependent on intra/extracellular redox state.
    • Dehydroascorbate transport preferred in hepatic endoplasmic reticulum via GLUT-type transporter.

    Conclusions:

    • Dehydroascorbate transport is the primary route into hepatic endoplasmic reticulum.
    • GLUT-type transporters mediate dehydroascorbate uptake.
    • Intracellular reduction of dehydroascorbate to ascorbate contributes to low intraluminal reduced/oxidized glutathione ratio.