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Related Concept Videos

Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias01:28

Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias

Arrhythmias are irregular heart rhythms occurring when the heart's electrical impulses become abnormal. These disturbances can lead to various symptoms, depending on their severity and the underlying cause. Some common factors contributing to arrhythmias include hypoxia, ischemia, electrolyte imbalances, excessive catecholamine exposure, drug toxicity, and muscle overstretching. Arrhythmias can be classified into two main types based on the rate and site of origin of abnormal heart rhythms.
Conduction System of the Heart01:19

Conduction System of the Heart

Autorhythmicity is a term that refers to the heart's inherent ability to generate electrical signals and instigate muscle contractions. This self-regulating conduction system within the heart consists of two key components: the pacemaker cells and specialized conducting cells.
The pacemaker cells are located in two primary nodes: the sinoatrial (SA) node and the atrioventricular (AV) node. The SA node pacemaker cells can autonomously depolarize, triggering an action potential that leads to the...
Conduction System of the Heart01:20

Conduction System of the Heart

The cardiac conduction system produces and transmits electrical impulses that prompt myocardial contraction, ensuring efficient heart function. This intricate system ensures that the heart beats in a coordinated and efficient manner, beginning with the atria and then the ventricles. The conduction system optimizes cardiac output by maintaining this precise sequence, which is crucial for adequate blood circulation.
This system relies on the unique properties of nodal and Purkinje cells:...
Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias01:29

Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias

Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are irregular heart rhythms that result from abnormal electrical activity in the heart, affecting its ability to circulate blood efficiently. Tachyarrhythmias, a subset of dysrhythmias, are characterized by abnormally fast heart rates exceeding 100 beats per minute. Here are some types of tachyarrhythmias with their distinct ECG features:Sinus Tachycardia:Sinus tachycardia presents a regular heart rhythm with an increased rate of 101-180 beats per minute.
Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias01:18

Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias

Bradyarrhythmias are cardiac rhythm disorders characterized by a slower-than-normal heart rate, typically defined as fewer than 60 beats per minute. Some of which are discussed here:Sinus BradycardiaSinus bradycardia presents a heart rate lower than 60 beats per minute, with a regular rhythm originating from the SA node. The ECG typically shows normal P waves preceding each QRS complex, a normal PR interval (0.12 to 0.20 seconds), and a normal QRS duration (0.06 to 0.10 seconds).First-Degree AV...
Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Benefits of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in an Asynchronous Heart Failure Model Induced by Left Bundle Branch Ablation and Rapid Pacing
12:45

Benefits of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in an Asynchronous Heart Failure Model Induced by Left Bundle Branch Ablation and Rapid Pacing

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Atrial conduction abnormalities in patients with systemic progressive sclerosis

R Mizuno1, S Fujimoto, H Nakano

  • 1First Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Japan.

European Heart Journal
|February 3, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Patients with progressive systemic sclerosis exhibit delayed intra-atrial conduction, impacting atrial function and potentially leading to diastolic abnormalities and arrhythmias. This study highlights the need for evaluating atrial abnormalities in these patients.

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Microelectrode Array Recording of Sinoatrial Node Firing Rate to Identify Intrinsic Cardiac Pacemaking Defects in Mice
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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Rheumatology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Atrial conduction abnormalities in progressive systemic sclerosis (SSc) remain understudied.
  • Delayed intra-atrial conduction may contribute to diastolic dysfunction and arrhythmias in SSc patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess atrial function in progressive systemic sclerosis patients using echocardiography.
  • To measure intra-atrial electromechanical activation coupling intervals in SSc patients.

Main Methods:

  • Doppler echocardiography and electrocardiography were used in 20 SSc patients and 20 controls.
  • Intra-atrial conduction times and P wave duration were measured.
  • Transmitral and tricuspid flow velocities were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Patients with SSc showed significantly delayed intra-atrial conduction times at all measured sites compared to controls.
  • Inter-atrial conduction time and filtered P wave duration were significantly prolonged in SSc patients.
  • A significant correlation was observed between A wave acceleration rate and inter-atrial conduction delay.

Conclusions:

  • Progressive systemic sclerosis is associated with delayed intra-atrial electromechanical coupling.
  • Limited late diastolic filling due to atrial contraction restricts mitral A wave in SSc.
  • Routine evaluation for atrial abnormalities is recommended for patients with progressive systemic sclerosis.