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Diabetes in pregnancy

T Linn1, R G Bretzel

  • 1Justus Liebig Universität Giessen, III. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Germany.

European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology
|February 3, 1998
PubMed
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Pregnancy diabetes includes pregestational diabetes and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Both involve complex genetic and environmental factors, with GDM prevalence ranging from 0.15-4% in Europe.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Diabetes in pregnancy presents as pregestational diabetes (diagnosed before pregnancy) or gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM, diagnosed during pregnancy).
  • Pregestational diabetes often involves insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM).
  • GDM can be the initial diagnosis of IDDM or NIDDM in pregnant individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define and differentiate types of diabetes in pregnancy.
  • To highlight the complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors in diabetes expression during pregnancy.
  • To present the prevalence rates of GDM and pre-gestational diabetes in European populations.

Main Methods:

  • Classification of diabetes in pregnancy into pregestational and gestational categories.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Identification of underlying diabetes types (IDDM, NIDDM) within these groups.
  • Review and reporting of epidemiological data on prevalence.

    • Main Results:

    • Prevalence of GDM in European countries ranges from 0.15% to 4%.
    • Prevalence of pre-gestational diabetes (pre-GDM) ranges from 0.2% to 0.4% in European countries.
    • Diabetes in pregnancy is understood as a result of intricate genetic and environmental interactions.

    Conclusions:

    • Diabetes in pregnancy requires distinct classification based on onset relative to gestation.
    • Understanding the etiology of diabetes subtypes is crucial for managing pregnancy-related glycemic conditions.
    • Epidemiological data provide insights into the public health burden of diabetes in pregnancy within European populations.