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Smoking and in vitro fertilization: a meta-analysis
W Feichtinger1, K Papalambrou, M Poehl
1Institut für Sterilitätsbetreuung, Wien, Austria.
Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics
|February 3, 1998
Summary
Female smokers require nearly twice as many in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) cycles to achieve pregnancy. This meta-analysis confirms smoking significantly reduces IVF success rates for women.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive Medicine
- In Vitro Fertilization
- Public Health
Background:
- Smoking is a known risk factor for adverse health outcomes.
- Its impact on assisted reproductive technologies like IVF-ET requires specific investigation.
- Understanding factors affecting clinical pregnancy rates is crucial for patient counseling and treatment optimization.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the influence of smoking status on the clinical pregnancy rate in women undergoing their first in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) cycle.
- To synthesize data from a meta-analysis combining original research with existing literature.
Main Methods:
- A meta-analysis was conducted, including original patient data (799 patients) and seven published studies (totaling 2314 first IVF-ET treatments).
- Data were analyzed focusing on the first IVF-ET cycle to ensure comparability.
- Statistical comparison used the nonparametric sign test, calculating relative success ratios.
Main Results:
- Smokers required approximately twice as many IVF-ET cycles to achieve pregnancy compared to nonsmokers.
- The overall clinical pregnancy rate was significantly higher in nonsmokers (21%) than in smokers (14%).
- A success quotient of 1.79 indicated a significantly lower probability of IVF-ET success for smokers.
Conclusions:
- Smoking status has a statistically significant negative impact on the chances of achieving pregnancy through IVF-ET.
- Women who smoke have demonstrably lower success rates in their first IVF-ET attempt compared to nonsmokers.