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Disgust implicated in obsessive-compulsive disorder

R Sprengelmeyer1, A W Young, I Pundt

  • 1Neurologische Universitätsklinik im St Josef-Hospital, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany. reiner.sprengelmeyer@rz.ruhr-uni-bochum.de

Proceedings. Biological Sciences
|February 3, 1998
PubMed
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Individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and related conditions struggle to recognize disgust facial expressions. This difficulty is linked to the presence of obsessive-compulsive symptoms, not anxiety alone.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Emotion Recognition

Background:

  • Current psychiatric classifications often categorize obsessions and compulsions under anxiety disorders.
  • Neurological studies suggest fronto-striatal involvement in obsessive-compulsive symptoms, potentially related to disgust processing.
  • This highlights the need to explore disgust dysfunction alongside anxiety in obsessive-compulsive behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the recognition of facial expressions, particularly disgust, in individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome (GTS).
  • To differentiate the role of disgust recognition deficits in OCD and GTS with/without obsessive-compulsive behaviors (OCB) compared to anxiety disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Facial emotion recognition tasks were administered to participants with OCD, GTS with OCB, GTS without OCB, panic disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Participants identified basic emotion facial expressions, including disgust.

    • Main Results:

    • Both OCD and GTS with OCB groups exhibited significant impairments in recognizing disgust facial expressions.
    • Individuals with panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, or GTS without OCB did not show these deficits.
    • The deficit in disgust recognition was specific to the presence of obsessive-compulsive symptoms.

    Conclusions:

    • Impaired recognition of disgust is closely associated with obsessive-compulsive symptoms, suggesting a role for disgust dysfunction in the pathogenesis of OCD and related disorders.
    • This finding aligns with neurological evidence implicating fronto-striatal regions in disgust processing and OCD.
    • The deficit appears to be in emotion recognition rather than comprehension or response criteria.