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Related Experiment Videos

Self/other organization in human psychological development

K J Aitken1, C Trevarthen

  • 1Dept. of Clinical Psychology, Hospital for Sick Children, Edinburgh, Scotland.

Development and Psychopathology
|February 4, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Human motives for cooperation originate from innate genetic and epigenetic factors expressed before birth. These innate motive formations regulate neural development, influencing social interaction and communication throughout life.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Human cooperation and imagination are uniquely developed traits.
  • Early development involves genetic and epigenetic influences on neural systems.
  • Infant behavior and communication are crucial for social development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the origins of human cooperative motives.
  • To link innate intersubjectivity with brain development.
  • To understand how early motives shape lifelong behavior and social interaction.

Main Methods:

  • Review of evidence from human cultural evolution, embryology, genetics, and infant behavior.
  • Discussion of the theory of innate intersubjectivity.
  • Relating innate motive formation to neural morphogenesis and postnatal regulation.

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Main Results:

  • Cooperative motives are determined by prenatal gene expression and epigenetic neural development.
  • Innate motive formation regulates neural development and generates motives/emotions.
  • Early intersubjective communication drives the development of cooperative awareness and joint tasks.

Conclusions:

  • Innate motive formation is a regulator of early brain development and a generator of social motives.
  • Prenatal factors significantly shape uniquely human cooperative behaviors.
  • Deviations in early development can lead to communication and developmental disorders.