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A dose-response comparison between methadone and morphine self-administration

T E Werner, S G Smith, W M Davis

    Psychopharmacologia
    |May 28, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Rats self-administered more morphine than methadone. Higher doses of opioids led to fewer infusions but a greater total drug intake, showing a clear dose-dependent relationship in drug intake behaviors.

    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacology
    • Neuroscience
    • Behavioral Science

    Background:

    • Opioid medications like methadone and morphine are widely used for pain management.
    • Understanding self-administration patterns is crucial for addiction research and treatment strategies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the self-administration patterns of rats when offered varying doses of methadone hydrochloride and morphine sulfate.
    • To compare the intake of morphine versus methadone at different unit doses.

    Main Methods:

    • Rats were trained to self-administer solutions containing 0.9% saline (control).
    • Experimental groups received infusions of methadone hydrochloride (0.01–0.3 mg/kg/infusion) or morphine sulfate (0.03–0.3 mg/kg/infusion).
    • The number of infusions and total drug intake (mg/kg) were recorded.

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    Main Results:

    • The number of infusions taken decreased as the unit dose of the opioid increased.
    • The total amount of drug self-administered (mg/kg) increased proportionally with the unit dose.
    • Rats self-administered a greater total amount of morphine compared to methadone across tested doses.

    Conclusions:

    • Opioid self-administration in rats is dose-dependent, influencing both the frequency and total intake of the drug.
    • Morphine appears to be more readily self-administered than methadone on a per-kilogram basis in this model.
    • These findings contribute to understanding the differential reinforcing effects of opioids and inform clinical use and addiction research.