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Suicide after natural disasters

E G Krug1, M Kresnow, J P Peddicord

  • 1Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.

The New England Journal of Medicine
|February 5, 1998
PubMed
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Natural disasters like earthquakes, floods, and hurricanes significantly increase suicide rates. This highlights the critical need for mental health services following severe weather events and seismic activity.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental health
  • Epidemiology
  • Mental health research

Background:

  • Natural disasters are linked to increased mental health issues like PTSD and depression.
  • These conditions are known risk factors for suicidal ideation and behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of natural disasters on suicide rates.
  • To determine if specific disaster types correlate with changes in suicide incidence.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of suicide data from 377 U.S. counties affected by a single federal disaster (1982-1989).
  • Comparison of suicide rates in the 36 months preceding and 48 months following the disaster.
  • Pooled rate calculations by disaster type and comparison with national rates.

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Main Results:

  • Significant suicide rate increases observed post-floods (13.8%), hurricanes (31.0%), and earthquakes (62.9% in the first year).
  • Increases affected all sexes and age groups; tornadoes and severe storms showed no significant impact.
  • National suicide rates remained stable, indicating disaster-specific effects.

Conclusions:

  • Severe natural disasters, including earthquakes, floods, and hurricanes, are associated with elevated suicide rates.
  • The findings underscore the necessity of robust mental health support systems in disaster recovery efforts.