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Disposal options and case-study pathway analyses

C J Roberts1, J B Quinby, W P Duggan

  • 1Dames and Moore Group, Buffalo, NY, USA.

Applied Radiation and Isotopes : Including Data, Instrumentation and Methods for Use in Agriculture, Industry and Medicine
|February 6, 1998
PubMed
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This study reviews disposal methods for naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM) waste. Pathway assessment aids in setting cleanup criteria and evaluating disposal cell safety for uranium and thorium NORM.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Waste Management
  • Radiological Protection

Background:

  • Naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) pose disposal challenges due to enhanced concentrations in industrial wastes.
  • NORM, including uranium-series and thorium-series nuclides, is found in various industrial operations like petroleum extraction, uranium milling, and geothermal energy production.
  • Effective management strategies are crucial for safe and permanent disposal of NORM-containing wastes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of current disposal alternatives for NORM wastes.
  • To describe the application of pathway assessment methodology for deriving cleanup criteria for residual NORM.
  • To discuss safe disposal options for uranium (U) and thorium (Th) bearing NORM waste and evaluate engineered disposal cells.

Main Methods:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Review of existing disposal technologies and practices for NORM waste.
  • Application of pathway assessment methodology to establish cleanup standards.
  • Performance assessment of engineered disposal cells using pathway analysis.
  • Case study illustrating NORM cleanup criteria derivation for a specific site.

Main Results:

  • Identified and described various disposal options for NORM waste, including radium-contaminated materials and thorium wastes.
  • Demonstrated the utility of pathway assessment in setting acceptable cleanup criteria for residual NORM.
  • Illustrated the performance assessment of a typical engineered disposal cell for U and Th bearing NORM waste.

Conclusions:

  • Pathway assessment is a valuable tool for deriving NORM cleanup criteria and assessing disposal cell performance.
  • Safe and permanent disposal strategies for diverse NORM waste streams are available and can be effectively evaluated.
  • The study provides a framework for managing NORM waste from various industrial sources, ensuring radiological protection.