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Zoonotic tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium bovis in developing countries
O Cosivi1, J M Grange, C J Daborn
1World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. cosivio@who.ch
Emerging Infectious Diseases
|March 21, 1998
Summary
Zoonotic tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium bovis, is a significant public health concern in developing nations. This review analyzes risk factors and recommends actions for controlling this animal-to-human disease.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Tuberculosis (TB) poses a substantial global health burden, with millions of cases and deaths annually.
- Zoonotic TB, primarily caused by Mycobacterium bovis, is prevalent in animals in developing countries.
- Inadequate surveillance and control measures hinder understanding of zoonotic TB's epidemiologic and public health impact.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review existing information on zoonotic TB in developing countries.
- To analyze potential risk factors associated with Mycobacterium bovis infection.
- To recommend strategies for assessing and controlling zoonotic TB in both human and animal populations.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of available data on zoonotic TB.
- Analysis of risk factors contributing to disease transmission.
- Examination of World Health Organization (WHO) initiatives.
Main Results:
- Zoonotic TB is a widespread issue in developing countries due to inadequate animal and human health surveillance.
- Limited data exists on the true incidence and public health impact of Mycobacterium bovis infections.
- Risk factors for zoonotic TB transmission require further investigation.
Conclusions:
- Zoonotic TB represents a significant, under-recognized threat in developing nations.
- A comprehensive approach involving both human and animal health sectors is crucial for control.
- Further research and enhanced surveillance are urgently needed to address this public health challenge.