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Ca-release channels (ryanodine receptors) of sarcoplasmic reticulum: structure and properties. A review
1Department of Biochemistry, School of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia. amr@atpase.bio.msu.su
Abstract:
Recent data on characteristics of the structure, function, and regulation of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca-release channels (ryanodine receptors) from various types of muscles are summarized. The history of identification and purification of Ca-release channels, the properties of isoforms expressed in various tissues, their electric characteristics, and regulation by endogenous and exogenous compounds are described. The phosphorylation of Ca-release channels by protein kinases and their interaction with various intracellular regulatory proteins are discussed. The proposed mechanisms of excitation-contraction coupling and the role of the Ca-release channels in this process are analyzed.