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Related Experiment Videos

Pregnancy, persistent microchimerism, and autoimmune disease

J L Nelson1

  • 1Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, USA.

Journal of the American Medical Women'S Association (1972)
|February 12, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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Placenta·2010

Fetal cells persisting in mothers decades after childbirth may contribute to autoimmune diseases like scleroderma. This microchimerism, or nonhost cells, is explored as a potential cause for these conditions in women.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Obstetrics
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Fetal cells are commonly found in maternal blood during pregnancy and increase during childbirth.
  • Fetal progenitor cells can persist in maternal circulation for decades post-delivery.
  • Scleroderma exhibits a female predominance and resembles chronic graft-versus-host disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the hypothesis that microchimerism contributes to scleroderma pathogenesis.
  • To investigate the role of persistent fetal cells in maternal autoimmune disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on fetal cell microchimerism.
  • Analysis of clinical data on scleroderma and autoimmune diseases.
  • Comparison with graft-versus-host disease mechanisms.

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Main Results:

  • Fetal cells are detectable in maternal blood, with increased presence during parturition.
  • Persistent fetal cells in mothers are linked to potential autoimmune implications.
  • Scleroderma shares clinical similarities with allogeneic bone marrow transplant complications.

Conclusions:

  • Microchimerism is hypothesized to play a role in the pathogenesis of scleroderma.
  • Persistent nonhost cells may contribute to the development of certain autoimmune disorders in women.