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Long live the Queen's subjects

M F Perutz1

  • 1MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK.

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
|February 14, 1998
PubMed
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The number of individuals reaching 100 years old and couples celebrating 60th anniversaries has dramatically increased. This rise, particularly for centenarians, shows an exponential growth, suggesting significant demographic shifts.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Demography
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Historical data indicates a significant increase in the number of centenarians and couples celebrating diamond weddings (60th anniversaries) between 1952 and 1996.
  • This rise in longevity and long-term marriages has occurred against a backdrop of changing societal factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the trends in the number of centenarians and diamond wedding anniversaries.
  • To identify the growth patterns and potential contributing factors to increased longevity and long marriages.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized semilogarithmic plots normalized to constant birth and marriage rates to analyze trends.
  • Examined birth and death registers from 1910-1990, normalized to constant births, for an alternative analysis of centenarian data.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Compared observed trends with historical data on life expectancy, infectious disease mortality, real wages, and medical advancements.

    • Main Results:

    • Semilogarithmic plots revealed steady exponential rises in centenarians (doubling time of 11 years) and diamond weddings (doubling time of 19 years).
    • Analysis of birth and death registers showed a 1% annual rise in centenarians from 1910-1946, followed by an exponential rise (doubling time of 12 years) from 1946 onwards.
    • The exponential increase in individuals living to 100 preceded general increases in life expectancy and drops in infectious disease mortality, coinciding with rising real wages and improved medical care post-1946.

    Conclusions:

    • The number of centenarians and long-married couples has experienced significant exponential growth.
    • Factors such as rising real wages and improved medical treatments from 1946 onwards likely contributed to the rise in longevity, preceding broader improvements in life expectancy.