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Avoidable cancers in the Nordic countries. Alcohol consumption

L Dreyer1, J F Winther, A Andersen

  • 1Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Danish Cancer Society.

APMIS. Supplementum
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Eliminating alcohol consumption could prevent nearly 1,300 cancer cases annually in the Nordic countries. This represents a significant reduction in alcohol-related cancers, particularly affecting the esophagus, oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, and liver.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Alcohol intake is a known causal factor for several cancers, including those of the larynx, oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, and liver.
  • Alcohol consumption in the Nordic countries saw a significant rise between 1965 and 1975, stabilizing thereafter.
  • Men generally consumed more alcohol than women, with higher consumption rates observed in Denmark compared to other Nordic nations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the potential cancer burden reduction attributable to alcohol consumption in the Nordic region.
  • To estimate the proportion of specific alcohol-related cancers that could be avoided by eliminating alcohol intake.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of historical alcohol consumption data from Nordic countries (1965-1985).

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  • Estimation of cancer cases potentially avoided by projecting the impact of zero alcohol consumption around the year 2000.
  • Calculation of the percentage of alcohol-attributable cancers for specific sites.

    • Main Results:

    • An estimated 1,300 cancer cases (1,000 in men, 300 in women) annually could be avoided by eliminating alcohol consumption around 2000.
    • This avoidance represents approximately 29% of all alcohol-related cancers.
    • Specific site percentages include esophagus (37%), oral cavity/pharynx (33%), larynx (29%), and liver (15%).

    Conclusions:

    • Alcohol consumption significantly contributes to the overall cancer burden in the Nordic countries.
    • A substantial proportion of alcohol-related cancers, particularly esophageal and upper aerodigestive tract cancers, could be prevented through alcohol abstinence.
    • Around 2% of all male cancers and 1% of all female cancers in the Nordic region around 2000 were attributable to population drinking habits.