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Avoidable cancers in the Nordic countries. Biological agents

J F Winther1, H Møller, L Tryggvadottir

  • 1Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Danish Cancer Society.

APMIS. Supplementum
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes 45% of cervical cancers, while Helicobacter pylori infection causes 58% of gastric cancers in Nordic countries. These infections are significant contributors to cancer incidence in the region.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Infectious Disease Epidemiology

Background:

  • Biological agents are linked to increased cancer risk.
  • Human papillomavirus (HPV) and Helicobacter pylori are key infectious agents in the Nordic countries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the impact of HPV and H. pylori on cancer occurrence in Nordic countries.
  • To quantify the proportion of cervical and gastric cancers attributable to these infections.

Main Methods:

  • Prevalence estimation of oncogenic HPV types in Nordic women.
  • Prevalence estimation of H. pylori infection in the adult Nordic population.
  • Risk estimation for HPV-associated cervical cancer and H. pylori-associated gastric cancer.

Main Results:

  • Approximately 45% of Nordic cervical cancers are attributed to oncogenic HPV types (16, 18, 31, 33), equating to ~550 cases annually.

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  • Persistent H. pylori infection, prevalent in 35% of the adult Nordic population, is linked to 58% of gastric cancers (~2,350 cases annually).

    • Conclusions:

    • HPV and H. pylori are major preventable causes of cancer in the Nordic region.
    • Public health strategies targeting these infections could significantly reduce cancer burden.