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Related Experiment Videos

Learning and memory in rape victims with posttraumatic stress disorder

M A Jenkins1, P J Langlais, D Delis

  • 1Department of Neurology Research, Department of Veterans' Affairs Medical Center, San Diego, USA. Melissa_Jenkins@brown.edu

The American Journal of Psychiatry
|February 17, 1998
PubMed
Summary

This study found that rape survivors with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) exhibit memory recall deficits. These memory issues in PTSD patients were mild and improved with memory cues.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Trauma Studies

Background:

  • Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is linked to memory deficits in combat veterans.
  • Comorbid conditions like alcoholism complicate the direct association between PTSD and memory impairment.
  • Previous research has not isolated memory functioning in non-combat PTSD populations without substance abuse.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate memory functioning in survivors of sexual assault with PTSD.
  • To determine if memory deficits are specific to PTSD, independent of comorbid conditions.
  • To compare memory performance in individuals with PTSD, those without PTSD, and a control group.

Main Methods:

  • A comparative study design was employed.
  • Participants included rape survivors with PTSD (N=15), rape survivors without PTSD (N=16), and age/education-matched controls (N=16).

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  • Standardized measures of learning and memory were administered to all groups.

    • Main Results:

    • Individuals with PTSD demonstrated significantly poorer performance on delayed free recall tasks.
    • Memory deficits observed in the PTSD group were lessened with the use of cueing and recognition testing.
    • No significant differences were found between the PTSD and non-PTSD groups on measures of depression, anxiety, or substance abuse.

    Conclusions:

    • Memory recall deficits are associated with the PTSD diagnosis, even in non-combat populations.
    • The findings support the theory that PTSD itself contributes to memory impairments.
    • The observed memory deficits were mild and not attributable to common comorbidities such as depression, anxiety, or substance abuse.