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Related Experiment Videos

Acidosis in cattle: a review

F N Owens1, D S Secrist, W J Hill

  • 1Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station, Animal Science Department, Stillwater 74078, USA.

Journal of Animal Science
|February 17, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Ruminant acidosis, caused by high-carbohydrate diets, leads to severe health issues and reduced performance. Management strategies and further research are crucial for preventing and controlling this production problem.

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Area of Science:

  • Ruminant nutrition
  • Animal physiology
  • Veterinary medicine

Background:

  • Ruminant acidosis is a significant production issue in animals fed high-concentrate diets.
  • Both acute and chronic forms of acidosis can occur, often during adaptation to new feeding regimens.
  • Acidosis can lead to serious health complications such as laminitis, polioencephalomalacia, liver abscesses, and impaired nutrient absorption.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the causes, consequences, and control measures for acute and chronic acidosis in ruminants.
  • To highlight the impact of acidosis on animal health, performance, and economic efficiency.
  • To identify areas for future research to mitigate acidosis incidence.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on ruminant acidosis.
  • Analysis of the physiological and pathological effects of acidosis.
  • Evaluation of current and potential management and control strategies.

Main Results:

  • Acute acidosis causes rapid increases in ruminal acidity and osmolality, leading to severe health issues and potential fatality.
  • Chronic acidosis results in reduced feed intake and depressed performance, likely due to digesta hypertonicity.
  • Various control measures exist, including feed additives, microbial inoculants, and dietary adjustments, though some impact performance.

Conclusions:

  • Acidosis poses a significant challenge in ruminant production, necessitating effective management.
  • A combination of dietary strategies, feed additives, and microbial interventions shows promise for prevention.
  • Further research into grain processing, dietary balance, antibiotics, microbial treatments, and feeding management is essential for improved acidosis control.

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