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[Hepatitis C virus in rheumatic diseases]

M C Jendro1, J L Hülsemann, H Zeidler

  • 1Abteilung Rheumatologie Medizinische Hochschule Hannover.

Zeitschrift Fur Rheumatologie
|February 18, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection frequently causes rheumatic conditions like mixed cryoglobulinemia and non-erosive arthritis. Early HCV testing in rheumatology patients is crucial for timely treatment and preventing liver damage.

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Hepatology

Context:

  • Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a significant concern in rheumatology.
  • HCV is linked to various rheumatic manifestations, including mixed cryoglobulinemia, Sicca syndrome, fibromyalgia, and thromboembolic events.
  • HCV-associated non-erosive polyarthritis can mimic rheumatoid arthritis but has a distinct disease course.

Purpose:

  • To outline the clinical and serological indicators for suspecting HCV infection in rheumatological patients.
  • To guide the appropriate use of HCV testing within a rheumatology setting.
  • To emphasize the importance of identifying HCV in rheumatic patients.

Summary:

  • HCV infection presents with diverse rheumatic symptoms, often without elevated liver enzymes.
  • Associated autoantibodies include cryoglobulins, rheumatoid factor, ANA, SMA, anti-phospholipid, and anti-thyroid antibodies.
  • Specific antibodies like anti-Ro (SSA) and anti-La (SSB) are notably absent in HCV-associated Sicca syndrome.

Impact:

  • Early identification of HCV in rheumatic patients prevents iatrogenic hepatitis from hepatotoxic drugs.
  • Prompt diagnosis allows for the use of alpha-interferon, a potential virus-eradicating agent.
  • Integrating HCV screening into rheumatology practice improves patient management and outcomes.

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